Information Processes & Technology

8.1.5 social and ethical issues

8.1.5 Social and Ethical Issues

Students learn about:	Students learn to:
social and ethical issues arising from the processing of information, including: – privacy of the individual – security of data and information – accuracy of data and information – data quality – changing nature of work – appropriate information use – health and safety – copyright laws the people affected by social and ethical issues, including: – participants within the information system – users of the information system – those in the environment • the ethical and social responsibility of developers • current government legislation to protect the individual and organisations • the use of information systems in fields such as manufacturing as well as the traditional fields of observation and recording • global information systems: – where the purpose involves international organisations, or – where the data and processes are distributed across national boundaries	• describe social and ethical issues that relate to: – information system users – participants • ensure that relevant social and ethical issues are addressed • identify and explain reasons for the expansion of information systems, including: – advances in technology – suitability of information technology for repetitive tasks
Read Me This page contains useful information regarding Social and Ethical issues of Information systems. Terms can be viewed to the right of the page and its definitions(containing, text, pictures and videos) on the right. The Year 11 course specifications can be viewed at the top of the page.
Term	Explanation
Social Issues arising from the processing of information	Issues that effect society and its members, such as: "Privacy Security Accuracy of data Appropriate use of data Changing nature of work Health and safety Copyright issues" - pg 17 IPT by Samuel Davies
Ethical Issues arising from the processing of information	Unwritten values that "remain principles of morality that are understood by society and that influence the conduct of its members" - pg 17 IPT by Samuel Davies Or doing what you know is the right thing to do
privacy of the individual	"Privacy is about protecting an individuals personal information. Personal information is information that allows others to identify you." - pg 17 IPT by Samuel Davies The 10 National Privacy Principals. See Fig 1.10 pg18 of the textbook. NPP 1: collection NPP 2: use and disclosure NPPs 3 & 4: information quality and security NPP 5: openness NPP 6: access and correction NPP 7: identifiers NPP 8: anonymity NPP 9: transborder data flows NPP 10: sensitive information Privacy Act, 1988
security of data and information
accuracy of data and information
data quality
changing nature of work	The widespread use of computer systems by workforces has caused major changes in the way workplaces operate. For example staff now have the ability to complete their work at home, as effectively sometimes even more effectively at home as they were able to at the workplace(office). The widespread use of the Internet has even enabled business to exist with limited sometimes even no involvement of an office.
appropriate information use	"Information is created to fulfill some purpose, however ofter this same information is also useful in achieving some other purpose." - pg 25 IPT by Samuel Davies Examples of information that can often be used incorrectly include: Clients email addresses credit card checks by employers Incorrect use of school marks by media outlets, to create a story
health and safety	Employers are responsibly to ensure that their workers health and safety risks and hazards and minimised: NSW regulations: Occupational Health and Safety Act 2000 Occupational Health and Safety Regulation 2001
OHS	Occupational health and safety "Occupational health and safety (OHS) refers to the legislation, policies, procedures and activities that aim to protect the health, safety and welfare of all people at the workplace." -OHS can relate to many other jobs and professions. Even at your school OHS regulations have to be followed to maintain student safety esspecially in workshop rooms where subjects like D.T and I.T would be held. http://www.workcover.nsw.gov.au/OHS/Pages/default.aspx The Government Regulations
Egonomics	"Ergonomics is the science of designing the job, equipment, and workplace to fit the worker. Proper ergonomic design is necessary to prevent repetitive strain injuries, which can develop over time and can lead to long-term disability" - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergonomics Y11 SDD Ergonomics on SDD wiki.
copyright laws	"Copyright laws are used to protect the legal rights of authors of original works" - pg 27 IPT by Samuel Davies Copyright Act 1968 What is copyright? CopyRight or CopyWrong Copyright quiz
public domain	"The public domain* is a range of abstract materials—commonly referred to as* intellectual property—which are not owned or controlled by anyone. The term indicates that these materials are therefore "public property", and available for anyone to use for any purpose"- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain Wikipedia - Public Domain
creative commons	Wikipedia - Creative Commons St Augustine's Breakfast Club - information for teachers about Creative Commons "Creative Commons (CC) is a non-profit organization devoted to expanding the range of creative works available for others to build upon legally and to share" - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_commons
the people affected by social and ethical issues
participants within the information system	The people who, develop, run and maintain the information system. Directly involved in the system, ethical issues include copyright, security and privacy.
users of the information system	The people who "use" they system. Involved slightly less in the system, ethical issues include Security and Privacy.
those in the environment	People who are effected by a system but do not directly interact with it. Ethical issues include privacy.
the social responsibility of developers	It is the system developers responsibility to ensure that their system meets the social standards and requirements of law, and including, Copyright issues, Privacy issues.
the ethical responsibility of developers	System developers are expected to ensure that their systems meet society's ethical expectations. Often ethical expectations are also legal requirements, such as anti racism, anti sexism requirements etc.
current government legislation to protect the individual and organisations	Privacy Act 1988 http://www.privacy.gov.au/law Privacy Act Freedom of Information Act 1982 NSW 1989 Copyright Act 1968 Australia Govornment - Copyright What is copyright? Occupational Health and Safety Act 2000 Occupational Health and Safety Regulation 2001
the use of information systems in manufacturing	Information systems are used in manufacturing in order to replace humans. This is because technology has the ability to eliminate error, and work for free.
the use of information systems in the traditional fields of observation and recording	Information systems have made for major advancements in the traditional fields of of observation and recording. Recorders no longer have to rely on traditional pen and paper methods and can now rapidly share information and no longer have to rely on slower "snail mail" or post methods of data transmission.
global information systems (GIS)	Introduction to GIS GIS in Action What is GIS? http://www.gis.com/whatisgis/index.html
the purpose involves international organisations	As the GIS is an international project, international cooperation has been vital in order to ensure data integrity within the maps database
data and processes are distributed across national boundaries	The social issues that come into play wit the GIS are of Privacy. Individuals as well as organisation are concerned with the GIS invading privacy of countries and individuals. The fact that the project is transmitted nationally and internationally increases the opportunity for the data/information involved in the project to be used incorrectly.
describe social and ethical issues that relate to information system users	Users are effected by information systems due to the fact that the system effects their lives and they effect the information system , as can be seen in the picture below, users are not directly part of the information system, but do effect it and are effected by it. The main ethical concern for users is that the information system is not using the users personal information that they are putting into the system for unethical issues that they would not want their information being used for. Also another issue involves the user using they system, it would be unethical for the user to use the system in a way that it was not intended, for example to gain other peoples personal information.
describe social and ethical issues that relate to participants	the social and ethical issues for participants are often higher than that for users, this is due to the fact that participants are in direct contact with the system and so have a far greater ability to use it for both ethical and unethical purposes. Issues that effect participants include: Copyright, participants have to unsure that inf formation that is going into the system and coming out for their uses has had all of its copyright issues met and dealt with. Security, Information is the system has to be securely kept safe privacy that the information of individuals going in and out of the system, does not infringe any privacy issues of the individual.
identify and explain reasons for the expansion of information systems, including advances in technology	With advancements in technology so comes advancements of information systems, Information Systems were created in order to make technology expand faster and become more user friendly for humans.
identify and explain reasons for the expansion of information systems, including suitability of information technology for repetitive tasks	The expansion of information technology for the use in repetitive tasks is a common source of debate on ethical issues. By using information systems to complete repetitive tasks, the system is then taking a human who would otherwise do that job out of business. The advantage however is that computer systems do not make errors and so do a better job of the task. and after purchase work for free.
Student Blog Made by Daniel, Sam and Connor	Social and Ethical Issues

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DanBriggs	Latest page update: made by DanBriggs , Sep 6 2010, 7:10 PM EDT (about this update About This Update Edited by DanBriggs 12 words added view changes - complete history)
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Schoie_Prop

The internet (page: 1 2)

May 17 2010, 8:54 PM EDT by Nick_The_Digger

Thread started: Feb 24 2010, 5:29 PM EST Watch

the internet has made our lives easier now, we dont even have to get up to do online banking or stuff like that.
Do you agree, or disagree. Why?

4 out of 4 found this valuable. Do you?

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RE: The internet
By: Nick_The_Digger, May 17 2010, 8:54 PM EDT

1. The top internet connections in the world are from South Korea. This country with only the 13th largest economy in the world, rises far above everyone else when it comes to internet connection speeds. Nearly 70 percent of internet connections in South Korea are over 5 Mbps with the average being 15 Mbps.

2. Not surprisingly, Japan ranks second in internet connections and broadband speeds. Japan ranks second on average broadband speeds but over 50% of the connections in Japan are above 7 Mbps

3. Honk Kong ranks third in average connection speed, with 6.9 Mbps being the median, but only 38 percent of the connections are above 5 Mbps.

4. Romania, with a population of 21 and a half million at last count, comes in fourth for internet connection speed, 5.7 Mbps being the average. However, they rank lower when it comes to average superfast connections, with only 45% being above 5 Mbps.

5. Sweden is nearly tied with Romania for extremely high speed connections, with 39% being over 5. They also compete well for average connection speeds with Romania, thier average being 5.6, just one point down from Romania's 5.7 Mbps.

6. Switzerland is in the number six spot, not making our list for high broadband connections, but grabbing our number six for the average connection speed being 5 Mbps.

7. Our last spot is taken by The Netherlands, which you may be more familiar with as Holland. This country, just west of Germany, competes well with everyone else on the list with the average connection speed being 4.9 Mbps. They completely blow Switzerland away on average high speed broadband connections, with 28% being over 5 Mbps.

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ldunphy

Information technology has brought nothing but problems

Mar 2 2010, 8:45 PM EST by bryce_fitzy

Thread started: Feb 22 2010, 9:10 PM EST Watch

Information technology has brought nothing but problems. It has increased unemployment, forced people to learn new skills and invaded our privacy.

Debate this statement

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ldunphy

Changing nature of work: GROUP TASK Brainstorm

Feb 25 2010, 5:14 PM EST by bryce_fitzy

Thread started: Mar 3 2009, 8:22 AM EST Watch

There are many jobs now that just did not exist in the 1960s, and there are also many jobs that have almost totally disappeared. Make up a list of all
the different types of jobs that have been created since the 1960s and another list of those jobs that have virtually disappeared.

8.1.1 Information Systems in Context	The internet	Computers - past, present & future
guidelines for care and maintenance	classify the information processes	Information technology has brought nothing but problems
Changing nature of work: GROUP TASK Brainstorm	Elements of an information system	Accuracy of data and Information: GROUP Task - Discussion
8.1.3 the nature of data and information	my name	8.1.4 Reasons for digital representation of data

Information Processes & Technology

8.1.5 social and ethical issues

NPP 1: collection

NPP 2: use and disclosure

NPPs 3 & 4: information quality and security

NPP 5: openness

NPP 6: access and correction

NPP 7: identifiers

NPP 8: anonymity

NPP 9: transborder data flows

NPP 10: sensitive information

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